My Family History Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Article of Confederation Essau essays

Article of Confederation Essau expositions The Declaration of Independence required another administration for the new country to be. In 1777, during the Revolutionary War, the Continental Congress made an arrangement for our first official government. This arrangement was known as the Articles of Confederation, which activity in 1781. Under the Articles of Confederation, each state was equivalent in powers and was free of each other. The congress, which was the national government, had exceptionally restricted forces. The states dreaded a solid congress, and felt that a solid national government may attempt to restrain the forces and opportunities of the individual states. Despite the fact that the Confederation was lacking and was flopping in attempting to improve the countries financial condition, it made its most significant progress in the treatment of western terrains. After the war, Americas obligation had expanded by a ten times. Under the Articles, the focal government couldn't control exchange between the states or with remote countries. Each state controlled its own exchange; this made numerous questions among the states and different countries. What's more, most states printed their own cash. Without a uniform national cash, exchanging was a confounded strategy. Additionally, congress didn't have the ability to gather the assessments expected to pay for the costs of the national government. It could request cash; anyway it had no capacity to compel the states into paying them. Without cash, Congress couldn't pay the country's obligation nor would it be able to give government projects and administrations. Robert Morris, a money related wizard, proposed a 5 percent impost, yet this fizzled on the grounds that states with effective ports didnt need to free their entitlement to force their own charges. All the thirteen states in the Confederatio n need to concur before an article can be corrected, however since certain states didnt concur with Morris, that arrangement has fizzled. Next he planed to make a private bank. This bank gave banknotes, which were sponsored by hard cash; alth... <!

Exercise Euphoria and Exercise Addiction

Exercise Euphoria and Exercise Addiction Addiction Addictive Behaviors Print The Science Behind Runners High and What to Do If Youre Addicted By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 20, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 16, 2020 Arnold Media/Getty Images More in Addiction Addictive Behaviors Caffeine Internet Shopping Sex Alcohol Use Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery We all know getting and staying healthy through exercise can feel good, but sometimes it can feel so good that people who exercise might wonder, can you get high from working out? And if you can actually get high on exercise, like you can from drugs, is it good for you or bad for you? The short answer is that yes, you can get high from exercise. And while the feeling of getting high itself is not harmful, like with drugs, you can be harmed while under the influence of this high feeling, as you may be less aware of the potential and real harms to your body. There is also a risk of getting addicted to the high you get from exercise, which can also be harmful. Benefits of Regular Exercise So do we need to be concerned that we are exercising too much? For most of us, the answer is no. Typically, people who dont exercise much find exercise hard work at the beginning, and it is only after your strength, stamina, and skill develop that you start feeling good during and after exercise. Even for those who have developed a regular exercise routine, look forward to working out, and feel great during and after exercise, the majority of people dont get to the point where exercising too much is a concern. There is wide variation on how much pleasure people derive from exercise, peoples predisposition to addiction and peoples individual neurological makeup, and it has been noted by neuroscientists that one of the main reasons that people with the intention of increasing exercise eventually quit  is a lack of enjoyment. If anything, most of us would benefit from exercising more and increasing our enjoyment of exercise to reinforce a regular exercise routine. Most people do not need to worry about getting addicted to exercise and should try to exercise regularly. Exercise improves your bodys functioning in many different ways and offers many benefits such as:?? Exercise gives you energy and increases your resistance to fatigue, meaning that although your body is working harder when you exercise, over time, you feel less tired than you did before you started working out.Exercise makes your muscles stronger, improving your ability to do many different active tasks, and increasing your independence, as you are less likely to need help with physical tasks.Exercise makes you more flexible, increasing the variety of physical activities you can do, whether or not they are directly related to exercise.Exercise improves your endurance, meaning you can continue to be physically active for longer periods of time than you can when you dont exercise, without straining yourself or feeling uncomfortable.Exercise makes your body more efficient at physical tasks, meaning you can do them with less effort, and feel less tired afterward, than if you dont regularly exercise.Exercise reduces your risk of injuries, such as lower-back problems.Exercise helps you t o manage your weight and can help you to lose weight if you have put on too much weight.Exercise decreases your risk of cardiovascular disease.Exercise reduces your risk of type 2 (adult onset) diabetes mellitus.Exercise lowers your risk of depression and can help manage the symptoms of depression for those who have it.Exercise may decrease the effects of aging through improved functioning during regular tasks of everyday life.Exercise can help people overcome other addictions.??Exercise helps you to get a good nights sleep and can help with sleep disorders.?? Exercise Can Help With Avoiding an Addiction Relapse So, you may be wondering, with such a litany of benefits, what could be  the problem with exercise? It sounds like the more the better, and you cant go wrong. For most of us, this is true, but for people with a personal or family history of addictions, those with unresolved emotional trauma, or those who are particularly sensitive to endogenous opioidsâ€"the drug-like substances produced by the bodyâ€"there may be a risk in exercising too much. What Is Runners High? The good feelings that people get from exercise, also known as euphoria, is a well-recognized phenomenon, often referred to as the runners high.   The positive feelings people get from exercise can be a great natural way to motivate you to exercise more regularly, can fight depression, and can be helpful for people who are trying to recover from alcohol and drug addictions. The problem comes from the psychological process of addiction, which can occur in people who experience runners high and can potentially lead to exercise addiction. The runners high happens naturally when people participate in  vigorous exercises, such as running, swimming, or aerobic exercise. It is caused by changes in the body and brain that occur during exercise, which may be similar to the processes that happen when people take opioid drugs, such as heroin.  Although this may seem far-fetched, researchers have found that endogenous opioid production occurs during intense aerobic exercise.??  So the physical processes of opioid use disorder and exercise addiction may be closer than you might think, as the bodys own endorphins are important in initiating both types of addiction. The euphoria you feel during and after exercise is not harmful. While its often referred to as runners high, these feelings can also occur with other forms of aerobic exercise. Like with the high that people get from taking opioid drugs, the runners high feels exhilarating, easeful, and comfortable. If you experience a runners high, you may cease to notice pain, or become comfortably numb. You may  experience an overwhelming sense of well-being, even if this does not reflect reality. You might continue exercising even though you know the physical activity is causing problems.?? For example, you may not be bothered by feeling too hot or too cold, and may even have a sense that these things dont matter, feeling a kind of invincibility, that you have superhuman strength and resilience, and can do anything and come out on top. Of course, these physical things all do matterâ€"people who get high on heroin and people who get high on exercise are just as vulnerable as anyone else to becoming ill from being over- or under-heated, or from the injuries that pain usually prompts us to take care of. People experiencing a runners high have been known to continue to engage in exercise or sports, even with serious injuries, such as broken bones. At the time, they either didnt notice they were hurt, or it didnt seem to matter. The Key Features of the Model of Addiction The Science Behind Runners High Scientists have studied the runners high, in order to understand the opioidergic mechanisms of the runners high in the human brain, and to identify the relationship of these drug-like chemicals, which occur naturally in the body, to the euphoria or high that people experience when they engage in intense exercise. Researchers have found a relationship between the number of opioids in the brain and the athletes mood.?? The level of euphoria was significantly increased after exercise. The findings of this research support the opioid theory of the runners high and suggest region-specific effects in frontolimbic brain areas that are involved in the processing of emotional states and mood. Research indicates that the brains of people who exercise excessively get exposed to high amounts of drug-like opioids, creating an intense high. The desire to experience the feeling again drives them to continue to exercise in excess. How to Know If Youre Developing an Exercise Addiction It is fine  to take pleasure in exercise. In fact, it is encouraged. Most of the time, this will not be harmful, and it will do you a lot of good. It is also fine for you to think about how you can improve your technique, or excel in whatever form of exercise or sport you are engaging in. Where it becomes problematic to gain pleasure from exercise is when it becomes your main focus in life. If you enjoy exercise, you should enjoy other aspects of life as well. If exercise is the only activity you enjoyâ€"with the exception of other addictive activities, such as sex, eating, work, TV, and of course, alcohol and other drugsâ€"you may be focusing too much on the high you get from exercise to the detriment of other areas of life. Are you enjoying a full social and/or family life? If all of the people you enjoy spending time with are exercise buddies, you may be taking it too far. This is particularly the case if you know that you have problems in your primary relationships, for example, with your parents, your partner, or your children, but you arent addressing these problems because you are focusing too much on escaping into exercise. If youre concerned about the possibility of having an exericse addiction, ask yourself the following questions:Do you feel you cant cope without the high you experience from working out?If you need to stop exercising, either because you are busy with other priorities, or because of a physical illness or injury, do you feel depressed or anxious? Perhaps it might be important to note that there are other conditions that can lead to too much exercise. Excessive exercise can also be frequently seen in those with eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia and can co-occur with food addiction.?? What to Do If You Are Addicted to Exercise If you think you might have an exercise addiction, keep a record of how much exercise you do, and when, as well as your mood before and after exercising, and when you are unable to exercise. If, after a week or so, you are noticing a pattern of using exercise for a runners high that you dont think you can cope without, talk to your doctor and relay your concerns outlined in the  mood and exercise diary. Your doctor can refer you to a mental health professional, who can help you to get your exercise under control, and help you to find joy in other aspects of life. What Is Exercise Addiction and Are You at Risk?

Analysis Of The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin - 895 Words

Irony and Foreshadowing in Story of an Hour In the short story, Story of an Hour, Kate Chopin chronicles the short journey of a woman who has recently learned of the death of her husband from a railroad accident. Kate Chopin is known for her stories which revolve around women and the world from their perspective, and Story of an Hour is no exception. As a writer, Chopin utilizes and employs many rhetorical devices to add emotion and depth to her world. Though Story of an Hour is riddled with rhetorical devices in almost every sentence, the two that tend to stand out the most are the use of irony and foreshadowing. We have all definitely came into contact with either irony or foreshadowing in almost every piece of media that we consume, but it is especially true in literature. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, irony is the â€Å" the use of words that mean the opposite of what you really think,† while foreshadowing is â€Å"to represent, indicate, or typify beforeha nd.† In literature, these two tactics are used endlessly to provide excitement, suspense, and intrigue to the work. Irony can be seen in many works of literature, such as in Animal Farm, where a group of animals overthrow the human owners of a farm and establish their own government, only to take on the same roles as their human rulers. In the case of foreshadowing, it can be seen in numerous literary works, such as in Romeo and Juliet, where Romeo proclaims â€Å"Life were better ended by their hate, / Than deathShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin811 Words   |  4 Pages2015 What’s in a Protagonist: An Analysis of The Story of an Hour In Kate Chopin’s short story, The Story of an Hour, the reader is introduced to three characters and an event that has occurred prior to the beginning of the story. The three characters that the reader is introduced to are: Mrs. Mallard, who is the protagonist of the story, Josphine, who is her sister, and Mr. Richards, who does not play a major role in the story. Throughout the plot of the story, the reader can gain a sense of sympathyRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin Literary Analysis1432 Words   |  6 PagesMaking a literary analysis involves writing an argumentative analysis about a particular literature. The analyst is supposed to carefully read the literature and better understand the contents so as to come up with legal analysis. It requires some summary, but it is not a report about the book or the story. It is important in making the reader to understand the message in the book as well as the improvements necessary the literature. It is also important in understanding how a particular author articulatesRead MoreAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour955 Words   |  4 PagesLiterally analysis of Naturalism and the Short Story Form: Kate Chopin’s ‘The Story of an Hour† While Scott D. Emmert in Naturalism and the Short Story Form: Kate Chopin’s ‘The Story of an Hour’ points out the short stories cannot form a narrative because of their length and others would disagree. Admittedly, even though according to Scott short stories cannot form a narrative they are perfect for naturalist writers because short stories and poems tend to focus more on natural surroundings and theRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin856 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 1302 11 November 2017 Literary Analysis of â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin The Story of an Hour is a short story written by Kate Chopin which was published in 1894 as â€Å"The Dream of an Hour† in Vogue. When the word marriage hits our mind, we think it as a lasting relationship. Marriage is a commitment between two individuals bonded by holy ceremony. The story of an hour presents the side of marriage which is usually unheard. The main character of the story is Mrs. Louise Mallard. She cameRead MoreAnalysis of â€Å"the Story of an Hour† Written by Kate Chopin1697 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of â€Å"The Story of an Hour† written by Kate Chopin The story under analysis is written by Kate Chopin. Kate Chopin was an American author of short stories and novels. She wrote for both children and adults. She is considered as a forerunner of feminist author. Unlike many of the feminist writers of her time who were mainly interested in improving the social conditions of women, she looked for an understanding of personal freedom. She put much concentration on women’s lives and their continualRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin751 Words   |  4 PagesHardi Patel Mr. Ogle ENGL 1020 10 July 2015 The Joy of Independence In the short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, by Kate Chopin, the episode begins with the exposition. It is the story about a dynamic character, Mrs. Mallard, who is given the horrible news of her husband’s death in a railroad disaster. Overwhelmed by her husband’s immediate death, she suddenly rushes in her bedroom. Here we see a different side of Mrs. Mallard’s attitude. Mrs. Mallard portrays herself as a coin. Mrs. Mallard, theRead MoreKate Chopin The Story Of An Hour Analysis1137 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is a wonderful short story bursting with many peculiar twists and turns. Written in 1894, the author tells a tale of a woman who learns of her husband’s death but comes to find pleasure in it. The elements Kate Chopin uses in this story symbolize something more than just the surface meaning. In less than one thousand one hundred words, Kate Chopin illustrates a deeper meaning of Mrs. Mallard†™s marriage through many different forms of symbolism such as the openRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin903 Words   |  4 PagesEddly Noel English Literature and Writing Professor Johnson 27 October 2014 Oppression In Kate Chopin’s short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† oppression is epitomized as the state of being subject to control or distress. At the beginning of the story, Louise Mallard’s family gently informs her of her husband’s death in a train accident. Knowing that Mrs. Mallard suffered from heart trouble, they had to carefully convey the sad message. At this moment, Mrs. Mallard is feeling heavily burdened andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1219 Words   |  5 Pageshave to embark, sooner or later. Death can be the beginning of the end to many people, an event which can bring everlasting happiness, but also a shattering sadness. The short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† by Kate Chopin, which was published in 1894, presents a not so common viewpoint of death. One could say that this story has brought about a brief renewing love for life with one of the main characters. On the other hand, â€Å"The Moth s† by Helena Maria Viramontes shows a painful reaction to deathRead MoreAnalysis Of Kate Chopin s Story Of An Hour993 Words   |  4 PagesIrony in â€Å"Story of an Hour† In Kate Chopin’s short story â€Å"Story of an Hour†, Irony, or the expression of meaning that traditionally indicates the contrary of what is expected, plays a huge role in deciphering the theme and underlying motifs of the story that takes the reader through the hour of Mrs. Mallard’s life after her husband supposedly dies. Through Irony, Kate Chopin effectively portrays the forbidden joy of independence (SparkNotes Editors). The theme is portrayed by the author’s emphasis

The Current Punishments For A Student Cheating - 990 Words

It is a melancholy object to those who walk through this great school or travel in the county, when they see the classes, desks, and lab tables crowded with students, surrounded by three, four, or six cheet sheets, all in tatters and importuning every finished student for an answer. These pupils, instead of being able to work for their honest grade, are forced to employ all their time taking photos of the work of ireful classmates, who, when the next long math worksheet arises, either turn to cheating for want of sleep, or leave their dear homework in their backpacks to waste time on Narcos on Netflix, or contrive a stomach ache for desire to abandon education completely upon the due date. Lets first ponder about cheating, if you cheat,†¦show more content†¦The longer my proposal is in effect, the more independent and honest we will become, thus creating a more civil society. Who doesn’t want a more civilized society where we don’t steal one of the most valuable things mankind has, knowledge. Some administrators of a desponding spirit are in great concern about the vast number of students who are counterfeiting homework, gazing upon the scantrons of others, or applying cellular telephones for acts of in-class deviance, and I have been desired to employ my thoughts what course may be taken to ease the school of so grievous an encumbrance. I think the advantages by the proposal which I have made are obvious and many, as well as of the highest importance. For first, as I have already observed, it would greatly lessen the number of plagiarists, with whom we are overrun around exam week, being the majority of test takers of the school as well as the most eminent threat to national security; and who begin their studies the night prior on purpose to finally finish re-watching Breaking Bad, hoping to take their advantage by the absence of so many observant proctors, who have chosen rather to finally alot time to putting grades into Edline than carefully scrutinizing every sideways glance with hawk-like precision. Secondly, the ceremonious removal of body parts would likewise bring great custom to hallways between classes,Show MoreRelatedCheating is a Crime1023 Words   |  4 Pageseducational system it has become very common for students to cheat their way through school. High Schools have an honor code and other rules in place in order to prevent students from cheating, although it is still very common to cheat. Whenever a student is caught in the unethical crime of cheating, he or she will state that the only way to survive in today’s competitive society is to â€Å"cut corners†. The act of cheating is rarely pena lized. Others believe that cheating is unethical and will only backfire inRead MoreCai Yangbin Froggen 988215 Ge2021 W08 Dr. Braxton 2017/3/131470 Words   |  6 PagesWhy so many students choose to cheat? What kind of students are enrolled in academic dishonesty? (almost all). The relationship between market supply and academic dishonesty. Suggestions and measures relevant institutions take on this problem. The problem of academic dishonesty criticism can be seen everywhere in this document. More and more academic cheating makes the whole education system have a big hole. Low achievers destroyed the whole academic system balance. Author urge students not to do academicRead MorePlagiarism And The Reasons College Students1618 Words   |  7 Pagesignored, this problem will continue to rise from the current state and transform into a constant. There are ways to prevent this unruly fact, but one must be ready to face the obvious situation, and take measures to limit this growing prob lem. This article will explain plagiarism and the reasons college students turn so quickly to such an unstable â€Å"solution†. It will also present alternative ideas to learning and measures to limit the need that students feel for plagiarism and promote personal creativityRead MoreEssay on What is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad?1219 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad? In this paper, we discuss how academic dishonesty in general and what role if any, the structure and teaching of courses – as a part of business management curriculum in particular – plays, in curbing that dishonesty. Cheating can be defined as any act of academic dishonesty and is encountered in various forms. There has been extensive research [Whitley, 1998] to analyze fraudulent exercises- especially in undergraduate school setting. 72% students reportRead MoreDukes Mbas Cheating Scandal997 Words   |  4 PagesDuke s MBAs Cheating Scandal While students are overwhelmed with handbooks on plagiarism, school honor codes when they entering a university, cheatings are rampantly detected in university environment. Admittedly, plagiarism and cheating should be seriously punished. However, there do exist controversial cases where some assert that the cases are not considered cheatings, the others argue that they should be considered cheatings. An article named Duke MBAs Fail Ethics Test by Alison DamastRead MoreAcademic Integrity And Student Plagiarism1622 Words   |  7 Pagesintegrity as plagiarism and buying essays. This work addresses, much attention will be paid to the background of breaches of academic integrity. Students’ behavior will be described and thoroughly analyzed. This essay will provide an understanding that current educational system itself creates prerequisites for such violations. Nowadays, American students try to subvert the educational system by using plagiarism in essays. The educational system tries to withstand these manifestations of dishonestyRead MoreStudent Perceptions Of Cheating At Online1685 Words   |  7 PagesStudent Perceptions of Cheating in Online CoursesYour Name:Class Name:University Name:Instructor Name:Student Perceptions of Cheating in Online CoursesAcademic integrity has long been a core concern of faculty as well as administrators operating in campuses. Recent statistics done on the extent of cheating that occurs in college campuses shows that the large majority of students have engaged in this vice to some extent. The core difference in today’s environment is the wide proliferation of technologicalRead MoreThe Real Problem of Plagiarism1168 Words   |  5 Pagesexpects the students to behave. These codes can be different based upon the specific rules of the institution in question. Some have clothing rules, others rules ab out alcohol or drug use, but there are certain rules which are more universal and are found in almost all schools. Many schools have rules which dictate that students must behave in ways which the institution considers to be honorable. These honor codes can include different components, but it is primarily a pledge against cheating in any senseRead MoreWest Point Cheating Incident Essay1440 Words   |  6 PagesWest Cheating Incident Case Running Head: West Point Cheating Incident Case Submitted By: Warren Frazier For: Advanced Organizational Behavior 1 April 2014 West Point Cheating Case Description The success of a major corporation depends primarily on the development and completion of its mission statement. In order to achieve success, make profits and remain competitive in today’s market. Most organizationsRead MoreWhy Plagiarism Is Important For Academic Integrity?1731 Words   |  7 PagesNow in the age of information sharing, society has an obligation to consider where changing 21st century values fit within academic writing and whether there are any implications for standards regarding plagiarism. Plagiarism is a serious form of cheating as it essentially defines the values of academic dishonesty, therefore changing generational views on academic integrity must be considered. These views, consequently, need to be considered to understand if they are directly correlated with increased

Cognitive Term of Behaviour Free Essays

Examine one interaction between cognition and physiology in terms of behavior. Evaluate two relevant studies. One of the most famous case studies of amnesia in the history is HM who was suffering from epileptic seizures and had a surgery when he was only nine years old that removed 2/3 of his hippocampus, medial temporal lobes, parahippocampal gyrus and amygdala. We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive Term of Behaviour or any similar topic only for you Order Now The operation was successful in its primary goal of controlling his epilespsy but as a result of the operation he suffered from severe anterograde amnesia. After the operation, he could not commit new events to long-term memory. He could remember events from before the operation for the rest of his life. His working memory and procedural memory were intact. After the operation, he could continue to complete tasks that require recall from the short-term memory and that involved procedural memory but could not make use of long-term episodic memory after the operation. After the operation, he lost his declarative memory (semantic and episodic). Because of the removal of these parts of brain, he might face these problems. One that might be he couldn’t encode the information or he could do that but he couldn’t retrieve it or he could do them but could not store them in his memory. Clive Wearing had brain infection -herpes encephalitic- affecting the parts that are concentrated on memory. MRI scanning shows damage to the hippocampus and some of the frontal regions. His ability to perceive what he saw and heard was unimpaired. But he did not seem to be able to retain any impression of anything for more than a few blink. In he did blink, his eyelids parted to reveal a new scene. In Clive’s case, the virus damaged his brain. It damaged the hippocampus, which play a major role in the handling of long-term memory formation. Additionally he sustained marginal damage to the temporal and frontal lobes. The former houses the amygdala, a component implicated in the control of emotions and associated memories. Clive developed a profound case of total amnesia as a result of his illness. Because the part of the brain required to transfer memories from the working to the long term area in damaged. He is unable to encode new memories. He only remembers a little part of his life before. He still knows how to play piano, which is because his cerebellum responsible for the maintenance of procedural is not damaged. The fact that he could no longer remember anything and was not aware, tells us that the hippocampus and the temporal and frontal lobes are the bits responsible for LTM’s and STM’s formation and recall. In both cases, the hippocampus was damaged, and so they both had problems with their long-term memory. In HM’s case only two thirds of the hippocampus was removed while in Clive’s case most of it was destroyed. As a result both had very severe amnesia and because of that we can conclude that hippocampus is the part of the brain responsible for forming/retrieving or storing the LTM. This is an example of the link between cognition and physiology of the brain. However, certain exceptions make this theory a lot more complex. For example HM had remembered JFK’s assassination and both could still learn new skills. In Clive’s case, the fact that he could still emotionally remember his wife does not fit into the former explanation. However, the researches that were done consistently for these two people are reliable, giving us the opportunity to generalize such hypothesis on the cognitive part of the brain. For example, Brenda Milner, who studied HM following his surgery till his death, is a very well-known researcher and in her reports she has clearly mentioned HM’s past and present conditions. Since she is known and experienced, her reports are likely to be true and not exaggerated. And because of that we believe it to be dependable and creditable as well as following a data triangulation. Milner hasn’t had any brain illnesses in her life, so we can easily decide that her research was in no way influence by her own disabilities. On the other hand she has not checked and re-checked her research results, trying to find fault in them, since HM’s case is a very unique case in the world. And the fact that HM was old at the time when most of her research were conducted, we could argue that his memory loss was due to old age. Another fault in her research is its inaccuracies, an example of such inaccuracy is when HM remembered John F. Kennedy’s assassination. Based on these findings we can assume that her research is strong enough for us to be able to generalize its effects. That is why recently, scientists associate hippocampus and amygdala with memory formation and storage. How to cite Cognitive Term of Behaviour, Papers

Julius Caesar Essays (744 words) - , Term Papers

Julius Caesar In the play of Julius Caesar, we see a brief picture of Roman life during the time of the First Triumvirate. In this snap shot, we see many unfortunate things. Shakespeare gives us the idea that many people try to circumvent what the future holds, such as unfortunate things, by being superstitious. Superstition seems to play a role in the basic daily life of most Roman citizens. For instance, the setting of the first scene is based upon superstition, the Feast of Lupercal. This feast is in honor of the god Pan, the queen of fertility. During this time, infertile females are supposed to be able to procreate, and fertile ones are supposed to be able to bear more. It is also a supposed time of sexual glorification and happiness. Other scenes depict how throughout Rome, roaming the streets are mysterious sooth-sayers, who are supposedly given the power to predict the future. Dictating what is to come through terse tidbits, these people may also be looked upon as superstitious. In the opening scene, one sooth-sayer, old in his years, warns Caesar to "Beware the Ides of March," an admonition of Caesar's impending death. Although sooth-sayers are looked upon by many as insane out of touch lower classmen, a good deal of them, obviously including the sayer Caesar encountered, are indeed right on the mark. Since they lack any formal office or shop, and they predict forthcomings without fee, one can see quite easily why citizens would distrust their predictions. Superstition, in general elements such as the Feast of Lupercal, as well as on a personal level such as with the sooth-sayers, is an important factor in determining the events and the outcome of Julius Caesar, a significant force throughout the entire course of the play. Before the play fully unravels, we see a few of signs of Caesar's tragic end. Aside from the sooth-sayer's warning, we also see another sign during Caesar's visit with the Augerers, the latter day "psychics". They find "No heart in the beast", which they interpret as advice to Caesar that he should remain at home. Ceasar brushes it off and thinks of it as a rebuke from the gods, meaning that he is a coward if he does not go out, and so he dismisses the wise advice as hearsay. However, the next morning, his wife Calphurnia wakes up frightened due to a horrible nightmare. She tells Caesar of a battle breaking out in the heart of Rome, "Which drizzled blood upon the Capitol," with Caesar painfully dying, such that "...The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of princes." Although Caesar realizes Calphurnia is truly concerned about his well-being, he seeks another interpretation, coming to the conclusion that the person who imagines the dream may not be the wisest one to interpret it's meaning. Later Caesar tells his faithful companion Decius about it, and he interprets it quite the contrary, "That it was a vision fair and fortunate," and indeed, today is an ideal day to go out, since this is the day "To give a crown to mighty Caesar." Perhaps Decius is implying here that today is a day where much appreciation and appraisal will be given to Caesar, surely not the endangerment of his well-being as Calphurnia interprets it. Caesar predictably agrees with him, as most citizens enjoy believing the more positive of two interpretations. After Caesar's assasination at the hand of Brutus, Cassius, and the rest of the conspirators, Brutus and Cassius are chased into the country side, where we see a few superstitious signs of their forthcoming painful death in battle. In a dream, Brutus sees Caesar's "ghost", interpreted as an omen of his defeat. He also looks upon the ensign, and instead of the usual stock of eagles, ravens and kites replace them, construed as another sign of their loss at Phillipi. Not surprisingly, Caesar's death is avenged in the end, with the two of the conspirators' double suicide. As superstition is inter-twined within the basis of the entire play, we can reasonably conclude that it is because of this irrational belief of why certain events occur and how to avoid them, that Caesar is retired and eventually avenged. In the words of Caesar's